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Quiz 2 - Course 2M

 

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1)
The Systems Approach to Risk Management takes the view that most Medical Errors reflect predictable human failings in the context of poorly designed systems.
 
True False
 
2)
The Systems Approach to prevention of Medical Errors includes recognition of expected lapses in human vigilance in the face of system stressors, such as long work hours or predictable mistakes by inexperienced personnel in complex situations.
 
True False
 
3)
Rather than focusing corrective efforts on punishment of health care providers, the Systems Approach seeks to identify and modify factors likely to give rise to human error.
 
True False
 
4)
In the Systems Approach to Medical Errors, 'slips' errors and 'mistakes' errors require remedial education and/or added layers of supervision.
 
True False
 
5)
In the Swiss Cheese Model, first introduced by James Reason, what is NOT one of the principles that the model teaches about management of Medical Errors?
 
Medical Errors made by individuals occur due to flawed systems containing multiple 'holes' which tend to line up with each other, allowing penetration (or human error),.
Medical Errors are an inherent characteristic of a health care system which contains many holes, like Swiss cheese, which are too numerous to track effectively.
The risk of a threat becoming a reality is mitigated by multiple layers and types of defenses which prevent a single system problem from resulting in a Medical Error.
Risk Management plans need to create multiple defenses against a potential error, to prevent a single point of failure.
 
6)
Researcher James Reason believes that (1) human error is inevitable, and (2) striving for perfection—or punishing individuals who make mistakes—will not significantly improve safety.
 
True False
 
7)
Regarding Active Errors vs. Latent Errors: Reason used the terms 'active errors' and 'latent errors' to distinguish between errors caused by individuals and those caused by a faulty system. In this theory,
 
active errors almost always involve frontline personnel
latent errors are literally accidents waiting to happen,
latent errors are failures of the organization or the program design that allow active errors to cause harm
All of the above.
None of the above
 
8)
Regarding the Systems Approach to Medical Error: 'Failure Modes Effect Analysis (FMEA)' is an approach used to analyze Medical Errors, in which we
 
attempt to prospectively identify error-prone situations, or FAILURE MODES, within specific treatment modalities
identify all the steps that must occur for the treatment to occur correctly
identify the ways in which each step can go wrong
identify the consequences or EFFECT of the error if it occurs.
All of the above.
 
9)
Moving on to the journal article pertaining to Classification of MEDICATION ERRORS: Classifying Medication Errors according to psychological theory explains HOW the error happened [and therefore how to prevent it], rather than DESCRIBING the error, e.g., 'nurse administered an overdose.'
 
True False
 
10)
When a doctor knows that his patient is allergic to penicillin but prescribes cofluampicil because he doesn't know that it contains penicillin, which classification of Medication Error has occurred?
 
MEMORY-BASED ERRORS
KNOWLEDGE-BASED ERRORS
RULE-BASED MISTAKES
ACTION-BASED [or TECHNICAL] ERRORS
 
11)
When a nurse adds the wrong amount of a drug to an infusion bottle, what classification of medication error is this?
 
a KNOWLEDGE-based error
a MEMORY-based error
an ACTION-based or technical error
 
12)
A patient experiences an injection site reaction because the nurse did not have the right size needle available. She could not call the supply room for the correct needle because disturbing their lunch break was forbidden. What kind of medication error is this?
 
a KNOWLEDGE-based error
a MEMORY-based error
a RULE-based error
 
13)
Computerized check lists and other computerized decision-support systems are not of much use in preventing knowledge-based and memory-based medication errors.
 
True False
 
14)
The classification of medication errors on the basis of the underlying psychological mechanisms, based on how errors occur, can suggest strategies that help to reduce their occurrence.
 
True False
 

 

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